Well equipment



Nov. 7, 1944.

w. J. CRITES 2,362,249

WELL EQUIPMENT Filed Dec. 26, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR WlLBUR J. CRITES ATTORN Nov; 7, ,1944.

W. J. CRITES WELL EQUIPMENT Filed Dec. 26, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ixwl.

I49 7 I45 iso :33 16 FIG-5 INVENTOR W. J. CRITES RNEYS Patented Nov. 7, 1944 WELL EQUIPMENT Wilbur J. Crltes, Bartlesville, kla., assignor to run Company, a corporation of Phillips Petrol Delaware Application December 26, 1941, .Serial No. 424,539 18 Claims. (Cl. 103-244) Thisi'nvention relates to well equipment and more particularly to aniapparatus that is adapted for use in wells, including deep hydrocarbon wells.

Whena well bore is drilled into a virgin hydrocarbon-bearing formation it is common to find that there is sumcient energy stored in the hydrocarbon fluid to flow that fluid out of the well bore at the surface of the ground. However, as additional wells are drilled into the formation and hydrocarbon fluids are removed therefrom, the energy originally in the formation, unless sustained by a natural water drive or by pressure maintenance methods, becomes depleted and the hydrocarbon oil no longer flows to the surface of the ground. As a great percentage of the hydrocarbon oil still remains in the formation, other means of recovering the oil are employed, such as the utilization of compressed air or gas for gaslifting the hydrocarbon oil from the lower portion of the well bore to the surface of the ground, or the employment of various mechanical pumping devices. In actual practice in the industry, many wells are equipped with mechanical pumping devices as soon as the wells cease to flow, and many wells, which do not flow naturally when drilled and completed for the production of hydrocarbon oil, are provided with mechanical pumping equipment. This type of equipment may include pumping devices, such as reciprocating pumps which are actuated by a string of sucker rods; submersible, electrically-driven centrifugal pumps; or fluid-actuated pumps.

Present-day types of bottom-hole fluid actuated pumps fall into two general types, one which utilizes a high pressure fluid to actuate a valve mechanism for controlling the pump operation in addition to actuating the pump mechanism, and one which utilizes the rotation of a string of inner tubing from the surface of the ground to actuate the valve mechanism for controlling the pump operation and utilizes the pressure fluid to lift the well fluid to, the surface of the ground. It has been found that, when the pressure fluid must actuate both the valve mechanism and the pump, considerable energy is consumed in operating thevalve mechanism lowering the operating emciency of the pump. The rotation of a lon string of tubing from the surface of the ground as in the case of the second type of fluid actuated pumps, has several inherent disadvantages: Spec alequipment, which is required for rotating the inner string of tubing, and the tubing itself are expensive; the rotation of the inner tubing within the outer tubing causes considerable wear on the inner surface of the outer tubing and on the outer surface of theinne'r tubing: and the rotation of the inner string of tubing produces appreciable turbulence in the stream of well fluid being conveyed to the surface of the ground. Turbulence is undesirable, especially if the well fluid includes both oil and water whereupon emulsions are formed therefrom necessitating treating.

A fluid displacement pmnp of the latter mentioned type isdisclosed in the patent to Steele 2,202,970. The arrangement shown in this patent includes inner and outer tubing strings, the inner string carrying at its end a plug valve member and chamber in which the oil is accumulated. Pressure gas applied from the surface of the ground provides the lifting power for the oil admitted to the accumulation chamber forcing said oil to the surface through the inner tubing string. In order to allow continuous operation of the fluid displacement pump, the plug valve member is provided, which alternately admits pressure gas to the accumulation chamber to lift the oil and vents the chamber to accommodate a new charge, The plug valve member is operated continuously in the aforesaid patent to provide this action by rotation of the inner tubing string by a motor at the ground surface.

By the practice of my invention I am able to overcome the disadvantages of many types of pumping equipment which are actuated by a high pressure fluid. By withdrawing and thence utilizing a small part of the pressure fluid, my device produces a rotational motion which may be utilized in controlling the admission and exhaust of the pressure fluid within the pumping apparatus. Further, the withdrawal of a small portion of the Pressure fluid for actuating my device does not appreciably reduce the pressure of the fluid which is utilized for operating the fluid-actuated pump.

The primary object of my instant invention is to provide an apparatus that is adapted for use in wells, including deep hydrocarbon wells.

Another object 01' my invention is to provide an apparatus for operating fluid-actuated pumps.

A further object is to provide an apparatus for controlling the admission and exhaust of pressure fluid which is utilized to operate a fluid-actuated P mp. I

These and additional objects and advantages will be apparent to persons skilled in the art by reference to the following description and annexed drawings wherein,

Figure 1 is an elevation view of my invention partly in cross-section;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of my apparatus, taken along line 2-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view of my apparatus. taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a sectional view of my apparatus, taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the pump apparatus showing the cylinder in position to allow the gas under pressure to enter into the accumulation chamber.

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view through the pump apparatus taken on the line 66, of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view through the pump apparatus taken on the line 1-1, of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view of the pump set when the pump mechanism is removed, taken on the line 88, of Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings, and moreparticularly to Figure 1, I have denoted therein a lower cylindrical housing or adapter tube by reference numeral ||l.- Housing it, which is adapted to be lowered into a well bore, 'is provided with an interior flange having a plurality of substantially vertical passages l2, a circular passage l3, and a plurality of radial ports H which provide communication between the circular passage l3 and the exterior of housing l0. Housing I0 is secured at the top to an outer oil well tubing l5, by which my apparatus is supported in the well bore from the surface of the ground in a known manner. The lower end of housing is secured to a pump barrel is which contains a pump mechanism |'I, having an upper rotatable tubular member l8. An example of this type of pump mechanism is disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,202,970, which issued to F. E. Steele. A cylinder l9, having a plurality of sealing rings 20 arranged on its outer surface, is adapted to be positioned in housing ID, in a manner whereby rings 20 are in sealing engagement with the inner surface of flange ll. Cylinder l9 consists of a centrally bored member 2|, having an inlet opening 22 and an outlet opening 23 which communicates with passage l3; a cap 24, which is threadedly connected to the upper end of member 2| and which is preferably provided with a hexagonal opening 25 the cap 24 having internal screw threads by which it is adapted at the top to conmeet with an inner string of well tubing 26 that extends upwardly to the surface of the ground where it is supported in a known manner; a hollow cylinder 2'? which is threadedly connected to the lower end of member 2|; and a centrally bored base member 28 which is threadedly connected to the lower end of cylinder 21. It is to be noted that a. non-rotating stem 29, having a central passage 3G, is adapted to reciprocate through opening 25. Although the upper portion of stem 23 is preferably the same cross-sectional shape as opening 25 in order to allow reciprocation without rotation of the stem, the lower portion thereof is preferably circular in cross-section in order to make threaded connection with a reciprocable hollow piston 3i that is contained in member 2|. A spring chamber 32, which is formed interior to member 2| and exterior to stem 29 between the upper end of piston 38 and the lower end of cap 23, contains a compression spring 33 of any desired strength. A hollow rotatable shaft 34 having a groove 35 formed thereabout is slidably contained within hollow piston 3|. The groove which is adapted to receive a guide pin 36 that is removably positioned in piston 3|, may be of any desired shape that permits pin 36 to impart a rotational movement to shaft 34 -of sleeve valve 33 between the lower end portion 38 of the valve and the lower end of piston 3|. Chamber 4|l communicates through a plurality of inlet ports 4|, and openin 22 with an annular space 42, which is formed interior to tubing l5 and which extends downwardly from the surface of the ground. For purposes of this invention, annular space 42 is to be understood as that annular space extending downwardly to the top of flange Sleeve valve 38 is also provided with a plurality of discharge ports 43 which provide communication between chamber 40 and opening 23. It is to be noted that ports 4| and 43, each of whichis illustrated by a plurality of small openings, may be formed by a pair of single openings extending over half of the circumference of sleeve valve 39 and that ports 4| and 43 are disposed on opposite sides of the sleeve valve, preferably at different levels. The lower end portion 38 of valve 39 is also adapted to connect with a hollow timing shaft 44, which extends downwardly to connect with tubular member i8. It is to be noted that communication is provided between pump ii and tubing 25 by way of member I8, timing shaft 44, tube 31, hollow shaft 34, passage 30, and opening 25. The lower end of the timing shaft is provided with a suitable hearing 45 which is positioned in base 28 by a threaded ring 46 to prevent vertical movement of shaft 44, sleeve valve 39, tube 31', and shaft 34. The timing shaft is provided with a gear 41 which meshes with a pinion 48 that is carried on a. spindle 43. Spindle 49 is rotatably positioned between member 2| and base 28 within a chamber 50 that is formed interior to cylinder 21 and exterior to shaft 44. A conventional type of escapement mechanism 5|, which is contained in chamber 50 and which controls the reciprocation of piston 3| by controlling the rotation of shaft 44 through the cooperation of pinion 48 and gear all, consists of: A balance wheel 52, which is carried on a second spindle 53 that is pivotally mounted between member 2! and base 28; a hexible spring 54 which is connected to the lower end of member 2| and to spindle 53; an escapement lever -55 which is adapted to engage with a pin 56 that is supported on balance wheel52 and which is mounted on a. third spindle 51 that is also pivotally mounted between member 2i and base 28; and a pallet 58 which is also mounted on spindle 51 and which is adapted to engage with a ratchet wheel 58 that iscarried on spindle at. It is to be noted that a gas receiving chamber 60, which communicates with annular space 32 by way of passages i2, is formed below the lower face of flange H between the interior surface of housing [0 and the exterior surface of cylinder is. For purposes of this description, chamber 60 extends downwardly within barrel i 8, communicating with the interior of pump mechanism ii.

The casing i6 extends down into the well hole I26 and has the bull plug or protecting device |25 mounted thereon which contacts the bottom of the well and serves to protect the standing valve I26 from the mud or accumulations of sand in the bottom of the hole. Above the standing valve chamber when the pumpimechanism is mounted in the well. Extending inwardly from the tubing ered withln the outer tubing ii. "The flange I24 has a channel or outlet portion I33 therethrough which passage communicates with the space hetween the casing and outer tubing It.

The flange or projection I" on the seat I24 aligns the barrel I32 when placed on the seat I23 and insures-against rotation of the barrel if the plug should become stuck to the barrel.

Mounted on the end of the tubular member I. by means of screw threads "I is the pump mechanism I34 which has a portion on the end thereof to seat and seal with the seat |2s.on the flange in the outer string of tubing l4. Thepump mechanism I34 is made up of an outer cylindrical member or barrel I32 which has the inner cylindrical plug member I33 rotatably mounted therein. The two members I32 and I33 are held in assembled relation .by the screw thimble I34 which is attached by the screw threads I35 to the outer cylindrical member or barrel I32 and the shoulder portion of the thimble contacts the upper end of the plug to,,hold the same assembled in the member I32. Bearings I35 are mounted in the space I31 in the thimble I34 to relieve friction and add support to the inner tubing I I2 when the tubing is rotated.

In the side wall of the member I32 is the passage I43 which communicates with the passage 3 and the passage I in the plug member I33. The member 32 has the passage I42 in the opposite side from the passage I44, which communicates with the passage I43 through the passage I in the plug member when the passages are aligned as shown in Figure 6. Passage I43 extends vertically through the member I32 and terinmates in the lower end of the member I32, thus establishing communication between th accumulation chamber and the space 3 when the plug is in the position shown in Figure 5. In the lower end of the member I32 is the branch pas-- sage I44 which connects with the passage I43 to establish communication through the passage I45 in the plu passage I45 in the lower end of the member I32 and thence through passage I25 in the seat portion to the space 4 to exhaust the pressure gas from the accumulation chamber when theplug is in the other position.

The plug member has a central passage I43 extending the length of ,the plug and a nipple |4| projecting into the'accumulation chamber with a check valve I44 therein, to conduct the flow of oil from the accumulation chamber I 21 to member l3 and then to the surface of the ground. The check valve I43 prevents flow of oil from the member l3 back into the accumulation chamber.

It is noted that the plug I33 is cut away around the openings I and I45 so that the ports I and I44 are closed for only a very short period of the rotation of the plug.

In operation, the apparatus is assembled as shown in the drawings. and positioned in a well bore from which .pump mechanism l1 causes fluid therein to be urged upwardly to the surface of the ground. Let us assume that a pressure fluid which is utilized in actuating my instant apparatus is conducted to the interior of the pump mechanism by way oi annular space 42, vertical passages l2, and chamber 53, where the pressure fluid is utilized to lift well fluid from the interior of the pump upwardly through tubular member 12,362,249 E5 m a a space In whichjis the accumulation |3,liol low-timing"shaft 44;rotatable tube 31, h low driving shafting 34, passage 34, opening 25, and thence through tubing '25 to the s'urfaceof the ground. During the operation of the pumping mechanism, the admission of pressure fluid to the interior of the mechanism and the exhaust therefrom are controlled by a known means within the pump mechanism which is actuated by the rotation of tubular member it.

The pump operation will not be described as it is the same as in the patent to Steele No. 2,202,970. Referring to the drawings, piston 3| is shown as beginning its upward stroke. Part of the pressure fluid in annular space 42 flows through opening 22, inlet ports 4| and thence into chamber 40 where the fluid acting upon the lower surface of hollow piston 3| urges the piston upwardly against the action of spring 33. As stem 29 is reciprocable and non-rotatablethrough opening 25, piston 3| is prevented from rotating during its upward and downward strokes, thusallowing pin 35 to reciprocate in a substantially vertical manner. As shaft 34, sleeve valve 39 and timing shaft 44 are connected together forming a rotatable unit, bearing 45 permits rotational movement, but prevents vertical movement thereof. Therefore, as piston 3| moves upwardly, pin 36 causes shaft 34 to rotate. The rotation of shaft 34, by rotating sleeve valve 39 therewith, permits pressure fluid to enter chamber 40 through ports 4| continuously during the upward stroke of piston 3|. When the piston completes the upward stroke, shaft 34 and sleeve valve 39 will have been rotated through an angle of 180 degrees, closing inlet port 4| and opening exhaust ports 43. The upward stroke of the piston also compresses spring 33. Thus, ressure fluid is prevented from entering chamber 40; fluid already in the chamber is exhausted therefrom through ports 43, outlet opening 23, circular passage l3, and thence through radial ports l4 to the exterior of my instant device; and compression spring 33 urges piston 3| downwardly through its downward stroke. When piston 3| has completed its downward stroke, sleeve valve 39 has rotated through another angle of 180 degrees, closing ports 43 and opening ,ports 4| whereupon the pressure fluid again enters chamber 40 and urges piston 3| upwardly to repeat the cycle. It will be apparent that due to varying loads, shaft 34 would rotate at varying rates of speed causing pump mechanism I! to operate irregularly, unless some type of regulating means, such as escapement 5|, were employed to produce a constant rotational speed of shaft 34. With the arrangement of ports 4| and 43 as shown in the drawings, shaft 34, tube 31, sleeve valve 39, timing shaft 44 and tubular member l8, are arranged to rotate in a clockwise direction. Thus, gear 41, which is secured to timing shaft 44, rotates pinion 43, spindle 49, and ratchet gear 53 in a counterclockwise direction. As ratchet gear 59 rotates in a counterclockwise direction, first one tooth of pallet 58 and then the other en ages with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 59, permitting one tooth at a time to escape from the pallet. The oscillation of the pallet is con- 1 trolled by escapement lever 55 that is carried on spindle 51. The escapement lever is caused to oscillate by pin 56 which engages with the free end of the escapement lever for a short interval of time during the oscillation of balance wheel 52. The oscillation of the balance wheel is caused by the coiling and uncoiling of flexible spring 54. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the art that the rotational speed of timing shaft 44 is controlled by the degree to which spring 54 is coiled or wound. Spring M may be loosely wound, whereby balance wheel 52 will oscillate slowly, causing lever 55 to oscillate slowly, which in turn permits ony a. few teeth of the ratchet wheel to escape from pallet 58 during a given unit of time, causing timing shaft 44 to rotate slowly. On the other hand, if spring 54 ls tightly wound, balance wheel 52 oscillates rapidly, permitting timing Although the invention has been herein shown and described in simple and practicable form, it...

is recognized that certain parts or elementsthere-t,

of are representative of other parts or elements which may be used in substantially the same manner to accomplish substantially the same results.

Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the exact details described herein, but is to be accorded the full scope and protection of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a well pumping apparatus, the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump, a conduit for transmitting pressure fluid to said pump, a rotatable member controlling the admission of said pressure fluid to said pump, means responsive to said pressure fluid for imparting rotation to said member and escapement timing means for controlling the periodic admission of pressure fluid to the first mentioned means.

2. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump provided with a fluid inlet and a fluidoutlet, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in th well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly to the pump, means located entirely adjacent the pump and associated with the inner conduit and adapted to control the admission of said pressure fluid to the pump, said means being responsive to pressure fluid that is periodically admitted thereto from the annular passage, and means for controlling the periodic admission of said pressure fluid to the first mentioned means.

3. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is trans-\ mitted downwardly, a fluid motor adjacent the pump operating a valve, the valve being associated with the inner conduit for controlling the admission of pressure fluid to the well pump and means for controlling the periodic admission of pressure fluid in the fluid motor.

4. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, a fluid motor adjacent the pump operatinga valve, the valve being associated with the inner conduit for controlling the admission of pressure fluid to the pump and an escapement mechanism for controlling the periodic admission of pressure fluid to the fluid motor.

5. In a well pumping apparatus disposed in a well bore the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a first valve in the pump controlling the admission of pressure fluid to the pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit including a cylinder, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between the interior of the cylinder and theannular passage, said cylinder having a second passage in communication with the interior of the outer conduit, second valve means for controlling the transmission of fluid through both of said passages, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, a shaft secured to the first valve and forming part of the inner conduit operably connected to th piston and adapted to be rotated by the reciprocation of the piston for controlling by means of the first valve the admission of pressure fluid to the pump, and means for controlling the period of valve actuation.

6. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a first valve controlling admission of pressure fluid to the pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, 9. closed chamber within the cylinder, said piston closing one end of the chamber, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between said chamber and the annular passage, said cyl inder having a second passage providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, second valve means for controlling the transmission of fluid through both of said passages, a shaft operating said first valve and forming a continuation of the inner conduit rotatable upon reciprocation of the piston and means for controlling the period oi valve actuation.

7. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a first valve controlling admission of pressure fluid to the pump, an inner conduit in the well bore transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, guide mean for preventing rotation of the piston, a closed chamber within the cylinder, said piston closing one end of the chamber, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between the chamber and the annular passage, said cylinder having a second passage providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, second valve means for controlling the transmission of fluid through both of said passages, a shaft forming a continuation of the inner conduit connected with and operating the first valve for controlling admission of premure fluid to the pump, said shaft being adapted to rotate upon reciprocation of the piston, and means for controlling the period of valve actuation.

8. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a first valve controlling admission of pressure fluid to the pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from th inner conduit to form an annular passage through which fluid pressure is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, guide means ior preventing rotation of the piston, a closed chamber within the cylinder, aid piston closing one end or the chamber, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between the chamber and the annular passage, said cylinder having a second passage in the cylinder providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, a shaft forming a continuation of the inner conduit operably connected to the piston and adapted to be rotated upon reciprocation of the piston, said inner conduit being connected to the first valve for controlling admission of pressure fluid to the pump, second valve means for controlling the transmission of fluid through both of said passages, said second valve means bein actuated by rotation of said shaft, and means for controlling the period of valve actuation.

- 9. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a flrst valve controlling admission or pressure fluid to the pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, guide means for preventing rotation of the piston, spring means associated with the piston, a closed chamber within the cylinder, said piston closing one end of the chamber, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between the chamber and the annular passage, said cylinder having a second passage providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, a shaft operably connected with the piston forming a continuation of the inner conduit, said shaft controlling the first valve to control admission of pressure fluid to the pump and rotatable upon reciprocation of the piston, second valve means for controlling the transmission of fluid through both of said passages, said second valve means being actuated by the rotation of the shaft and means for controlling the period of valve actuation.

10. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a first valve controlling admission of pressure fluid to the ciated pump, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump Outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well'bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, guide means for preventing rotation of the piston, spring means associated with the piston, a closed chamber within the cylinder, said piston closing one end of the chamber, said cylinder having a passage providing communication between the chamber and the annular passage, said cylinder having a second passage providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, a shaft forming a continuation of the inner conduit having one end operably connected to the piston rotatable upon reciprocation of the piston, the opposite end of said shaft being connected with the first valve to control the admission of pressure fluid to the pump, second valve means actuated by the rotation of the shaft for controlling the transmission of fluid through both or said mentioned passages in the cylinder, and an escapement mechanism for controlling the period of valve actuation.

ll. In a well pumping apparatus the combination comprising a fluid displacement pump having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, an inner conduit in the well bore for transmitting fluid from the pump outlet to the surface of the ground, an outer conduit in the well bore and spaced from the inner conduit to form an annular passage through which pressure fluid is transmitted downwardly, means associated with the inner conduit, said means including a cylinder, a reciprocable piston within the cylinder, guide means for preventing rotation of the piston, spring means associated with the piston, a closed chamber within the cylinder, said piston closing one end of the chamber, said cylinder having a passage provlding communication between the cham ber and the annular passage, said cylinder having a second passage providing communication between the chamber and the exterior of the outer conduit, a shaft operably connected with the piston forming a continuation of the inner conduit, said shaft controlling said flrst valve and thereby admission of pressure fluid to the pump, said shaft being rotatable upon reciprocation of the piston, second valve means actuated by the rotation of said shaft for periodically controlling the transmission of fluid into and out or the chamber, and an escapement mechanism assowith the shaft for controlling the period of valve actuation.

12. In a deep-well fluid-displacement pump, the combination comprising a stationary casing, a stationary tubing, 9. pump connected to the casing and tubing, the space between the casing and tubing and the space inside the tubing forming two separate conduits, one of these conduits being means to supply pump and the other conduit being means to carry away the discharge of the pump, valve means in the pump for controlling the admission or said pressure fluid to the pump and fluid motor means having connections from said pressure fluid and exhausting into said discharge conduit for operating said valve means, said motor means and said connections being located entirely adjacent said pump.

13. In a deep-well fluid-displacement pump, the combination comprising a stationary casing,

a pressure fluid to the a, stationary tubing, 9. pump connected to the casing and tubing, the space between the casing and tubing and the space inside the tubing forming two separate conduits, one of these conduits being means to supply a pressure fluid to the pump and the other conduit being means to carry away the discharge of the pump, valve means in the pump for controlling the admission of said pressure fluid to the pump, means located ontirely adjacent said pump for operating said valve means and time controlled means governing the speed of operation of said valv means.

14. In a deep-well fluid-displacement pump, the combination comprising o stationary casing, a, stationery tubing, e pump connected to the casing and tubing, the space between the casing and tubing and the space inside the tubing forming two separate conduits, one of these conduits being means to supply a pressure fluid to the pump and the other conduit being means to carry away the discharge of the pump, valve means in the pump for controlling the admission of said pressure fluid to the pump, fluid motor means located adjacent said pump for operating said valve means and time controlled means governin the speed of operation oi? said valve means.

15. In a. deep-well fluid-displacement pump, the combination comprising a, stationary casin a stationary tubing, e pump connected to the casing and tubing, the specs between the cosine and tubing and the space inside the tubing formins two separate conduits, one of these conduits being means to supply a pressure fluid to the pump and the other conduit being means to con-y away the discharge 0! the pump, valve means in the pump for controlling the admission oi said pressure fluid to the pump, fluid motor means having connections from said pressure fluid and exhausting into said dischei'ge conduit for oper sting said valve means, said motor means end. said connections being locawd entirely adjacent said pump and time controlled means governing the speed of operation of said valve means 16. A fluid-displacement pump assembly coni= prising in combination a pump, a. pressure fluid supply conduit and a discharge conduit connected to the pump, a. rotary valve in the pump con trolling the admission of the pressure fluid to the pump, and s, fluid motor also connected to said pressure fluid supply conduit and said discharge conduit adjacent said pump, and connected to said rotor; valve and operating set-o. valve.

17. in combination with the elements forth in claim 16, a, time controlled mechanism govern I ing the speed oi operation. of sold valve.

18. in combination with the elements set forth in claim 16, valve means for fluid "actor rigidly secured to the rotary valv for rotation therewith et all times. 

